18.12.09
Comercio internacional e salarios
Utilizando dados para Portugal sobre as remuneracoes dos trabalhadores e a situacao perante o comercio internacional das suas empresas, verifica-se que tanto as empresas exportadores como as empresas importadoras tendem a pagar salarios mais elevados. Sao as conclusoes de um estudo da minha autoria e de Luca Opromolla (Banco de Portugal) publicado em working paper aqui.
Estas diferencas de salarios confirmam-se mesmo depois de se ter em conta um conjunto alargado de diferencas entre trabalhadores em empresas que importam e/ou exportam e as outras empresas. Uma interpretacao possivel destes resultados e' o comercio internacional tornar as empresas mais produtivas e os consequentes lucros serem posteriormente repartido entre empresas e trabalhadores.
Abstract:
The analysis of the effects of firm-level international trade on wages has so far focused on the role of exports, which are also typically treated as a composite good. However, we show in this paper that firm-level imports can actually be a wage determinant as important as exports. Furthermore, we also find significant differences in the relationship between trade
and wages across types of products. In particular, firms that increase their exports (imports) of high- (intermediate-) technology products tend to increase their salaries. Our analysis is based on unique data from Portugal, obtained by merging a matched firm-worker panel and a matched firm-transaction panel. Our data set follows the population of manufacturing firms and all their workers from 1995 to 2005 and allows for several control variables, including job spell fixed effects.
Utilizando dados para Portugal sobre as remuneracoes dos trabalhadores e a situacao perante o comercio internacional das suas empresas, verifica-se que tanto as empresas exportadores como as empresas importadoras tendem a pagar salarios mais elevados. Sao as conclusoes de um estudo da minha autoria e de Luca Opromolla (Banco de Portugal) publicado em working paper aqui.
Estas diferencas de salarios confirmam-se mesmo depois de se ter em conta um conjunto alargado de diferencas entre trabalhadores em empresas que importam e/ou exportam e as outras empresas. Uma interpretacao possivel destes resultados e' o comercio internacional tornar as empresas mais produtivas e os consequentes lucros serem posteriormente repartido entre empresas e trabalhadores.
Abstract:
The analysis of the effects of firm-level international trade on wages has so far focused on the role of exports, which are also typically treated as a composite good. However, we show in this paper that firm-level imports can actually be a wage determinant as important as exports. Furthermore, we also find significant differences in the relationship between trade
and wages across types of products. In particular, firms that increase their exports (imports) of high- (intermediate-) technology products tend to increase their salaries. Our analysis is based on unique data from Portugal, obtained by merging a matched firm-worker panel and a matched firm-transaction panel. Our data set follows the population of manufacturing firms and all their workers from 1995 to 2005 and allows for several control variables, including job spell fixed effects.
